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<article xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="1.0" article-type="dentistry" lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">JOHS</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Journ of Health Scien</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Journal of HealthCare Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="pubmed">Journ of Health Scien</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">2231-2196</issn>
<issn pub-type="opub">0975-5241</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Radiance Research Academy</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">510</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">http://dx.doi.org/10.52533/JOHS.2026.60115</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi-url"/>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Dentistry</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>Regenerative Endodontic Procedures in Immature Necrotic Teeth Current Evidence and Future Directions
</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alqarni</surname>
<given-names>Mansour Abdullah</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alnasser</surname>
<given-names>Abdullah Abdulaziz</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Almalaq</surname>
<given-names>Saleh Ali</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Aldahneen</surname>
<given-names>Ibrahim Yousef</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>ALmalki</surname>
<given-names>Abdullah Tariq</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Gharsah</surname>
<given-names>Faris Mastour</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Albaqshi</surname>
<given-names>Mohammed Jawad</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alhazmi</surname>
<given-names>Yara Mohammed</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Fallatah</surname>
<given-names>Enas Abdulaziz</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Almana</surname>
<given-names>Moataz Ghazi</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alghamdi</surname>
<given-names>Kunuz Saleh</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<day>23</day>
<month>01</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>6</volume>
<issue>1</issue>
<fpage>114</fpage>
<lpage>119</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>This article is copyright of Popeye Publishing, 2009</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2009</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
<license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) Licence. You may share and adapt the material, but must give appropriate credit to the source, provide a link to the licence, and indicate if changes were made.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract>
<p>Immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulps present a complex challenge due to their underdeveloped root structures and fragile dentinal walls. Conventional treatments such as apexification have provided limited success in promoting continued root development and often leave teeth structurally compromised. Regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) have emerged as a biologically based alternative, aiming to stimulate tissue repair and root maturation by leveraging the body__ampersandsign#39;s own healing mechanisms. The use of stem cells from the apical papilla, in combination with growth factors and suitable scaffolds, offers the potential for reestablishing functional pulp-like tissue. Clinical outcomes have included increased root wall thickness, apical closure, and resolution of periapical pathology, although the quality and consistency of regenerated tissue vary significantly between cases. The biological mechanisms that drive regeneration remain a key focus of research. Successful outcomes rely on the survival of stem cells, the signaling environment within the canal, and the compatibility of materials used during treatment. Irrigants, medicaments, and scaffold types directly affect the viability and differentiation of resident stem cells. Despite encouraging clinical observations, histological analyses frequently reveal tissue formation that differs from native pulp, raising questions about the regenerative process and long-term function. Innovation in this field includes the development of engineered scaffolds, bioactive molecules, gene therapy approaches, and extracellular vesicle-based treatments, all designed to enhance regeneration and overcome variability in patient responses. Emerging evidence suggests that a combination of biological precision and clinical standardization is critical for future success. Regenerative endodontics continues to evolve as a multidisciplinary field integrating biology, materials science, and clinical practice to improve outcomes for young patients with compromised teeth.
</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>regenerative endodontics</kwd>
<kwd> immature teeth</kwd>
<kwd> stem cells</kwd>
<kwd> tissue engineering</kwd>
<kwd> pulp regeneration</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</article>