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<article xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="1.0" article-type="dentistry" lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">JOHS</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Journ of Health Scien</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Journal of HealthCare Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="pubmed">Journ of Health Scien</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">2231-2196</issn>
<issn pub-type="opub">0975-5241</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Radiance Research Academy</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">483</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">http://dx.doi.org/10.52533/JOHS.2025.51223</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi-url"/>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Dentistry</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>Vertical Control Strategies in Open Bite Correction: A Review of Biomechanical Approaches
</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Najjar</surname>
<given-names>Hussam E.</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alhuqayl</surname>
<given-names>Abdulwahed Othman</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alasmari</surname>
<given-names>Afnan Mohammed</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alsaleh</surname>
<given-names>Ahmed Hussain</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Mushayt</surname>
<given-names>Khalid Abdulelah</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Moumena</surname>
<given-names>Ghaid Ghassan</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alhawsawi</surname>
<given-names>Bashaer Mohammed</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Mabrouk</surname>
<given-names>Hadeal Atif</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alharti</surname>
<given-names>Muhanna Mohammed</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<day>30</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>5</volume>
<issue>12</issue>
<fpage>903</fpage>
<lpage>909</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>This article is copyright of Popeye Publishing, 2009</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2009</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
<license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) Licence. You may share and adapt the material, but must give appropriate credit to the source, provide a link to the licence, and indicate if changes were made.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract>
<p>Open bite malocclusion remains one of the most complex conditions to diagnose and manage due to its multifactorial etiology and high relapse potential. Vertical control is critical in both surgical and non-surgical correction strategies, with biomechanical precision playing a decisive role in the quality and stability of the outcome. Advances in skeletal anchorage systems, particularly the use of temporary anchorage devices and miniplates, have transformed the approach to vertical correction. These methods enable controlled intrusion of posterior or anterior teeth without relying on traditional dental anchorage, thus minimizing side effects and maximizing skeletal changes, especially in adult patients with limited growth potential. Posterior intrusion facilitates mandibular autorotation, which can significantly improve the vertical facial dimension, while anterior intrusion is used to correct incisor overeruption in dental open bites. However, each approach demands an understanding of force vectors, centers of resistance, and tissue response to ensure predictable outcomes. Skeletal anchorage has shown higher success rates in maintaining vertical changes post-treatment, though relapses remain a concern. Factors such as tongue posture, growth patterns, and compliance with retention protocols influence the longevity of treatment results. Stability depends not only on the mechanics used during active treatment but also on how well functional habits are addressed and whether long-term retention is tailored to the patient’s risk of relapse. The integration of myofunctional therapy and occlusal coverage retainers is being increasingly explored to support vertical control after treatment. Clinical decisions regarding anchorage choice, force application, and retention design must be guided by both skeletal morphology and soft tissue function. As techniques evolve, individualized biomechanics supported by interdisciplinary management are essential for effective open bite correction and sustainable results in vertical dimension control.
</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>open bite</kwd>
<kwd> vertical control</kwd>
<kwd> skeletal anchorage</kwd>
<kwd> molar intrusion</kwd>
<kwd> orthodontic relapse</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</article>