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<article xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="1.0" article-type="radiology" lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">JOHS</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Journ of Health Scien</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Journal of HealthCare Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="pubmed">Journ of Health Scien</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">2231-2196</issn>
<issn pub-type="opub">0975-5241</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Radiance Research Academy</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">447</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">http://dx.doi.org/10.52533/JOHS.2025.51107</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi-url"/>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Radiology</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>The Impact of Imaging on the Early Detection of Breast Cancer Recurrence
</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Ahmad</surname>
<given-names>Doha</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alqwaidi</surname>
<given-names>Saad</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Althuneyyan</surname>
<given-names>Moath</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Malawi</surname>
<given-names>Ola</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Albuqaisi</surname>
<given-names>Amal</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alenezi</surname>
<given-names>Salem</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Almutairi</surname>
<given-names>Abdullah</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Al-Ayyafi</surname>
<given-names>Shuruq</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<day>11</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>5</volume>
<issue>11</issue>
<fpage>587</fpage>
<lpage>594</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>This article is copyright of Popeye Publishing, 2009</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2009</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
<license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) Licence. You may share and adapt the material, but must give appropriate credit to the source, provide a link to the licence, and indicate if changes were made.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract>
<p>Breast cancer remains the third most prevalent cancer globally, with approximately 1,960,681 cases diagnosed annually in females, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality in both sexes. Recurrence is notably prevalent in women with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) receptor-negative tumors, often occurring several years post-diagnosis. The presence of dormant micrometastatic cells, which can be reactivated when the immune response is compromised, accounts for a substantial recurrence risk. Despite these challenges, advancements in early detection and screening have markedly improved survival rates. The World Health Organization defines early detection as diagnosing symptomatic cancers at an early stage and early screening as identifying asymptomatic tumors. Alarmingly, a significant proportion of cases in regions such as Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa are diagnosed at advanced stages, primarily by self-detection, leading to reduced prognosis. Imaging modalities play a critical role in post-treatment surveillance and early detection of recurrence. Techniques such as positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT), diffusion-weighted MRI (MR-DWI), and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) are pivotal for identifying metastases when conventional imaging fails. Corroboratively, histopathological assessments of steroid hormone receptors and HER-2 status are essential for confirming recurrences. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) endorses routine annual mammography for asymptomatic individuals’ post-breast-conserving therapy or mastectomy. Conversely, symptomatic patients should undergo advanced imaging techniques like CT, PET, and bone scans to evaluate potential recurrence. Furthermore, high-risk groups necessitate closer surveillance due to elevated recurrence probabilities, underscoring the importance of comprehensive imaging strategies in improving patient outcomes. Routine screenings using these tools can lead to early detection of tumors, resulting in better prognoses and the potential for complete resolution. To effectively identify recurrent breast cancer, a multidisciplinary approach is essential. This includes educating patients about the importance of regular screenings, annual imaging, and consistent physical examinations by clinicians. This review article aims to discuss the significant impact of different imaging modalities in the early detection of recurrent breast cancer.
</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>MRI</kwd>
<kwd> Breast cancer</kwd>
<kwd> PET</kwd>
<kwd> PET/CT</kwd>
<kwd> Ultrasound</kwd>
<kwd> Mammography</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</article>