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<article xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="1.0" article-type="dentistry" lang="en">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">JOHS</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Journ of Health Scien</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of HealthCare Sciences</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="pubmed">Journ of Health Scien</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">2231-2196</issn>
      <issn pub-type="opub">0975-5241</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Radiance Research Academy</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">331</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">http://dx.doi.org/10.52533/JOHS.2024.41210</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi-url"/>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Dentistry</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Classification and Most Common Causative Organisms in Gingivitis&#13;
</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Aldosere</surname>
            <given-names>Hend Abdullah</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Libdah</surname>
            <given-names>Sadeem Mohammed Bin</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Khayat</surname>
            <given-names>Roua Fouad</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Algallaf</surname>
            <given-names>Lamees Jawad</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Habib</surname>
            <given-names>Bshair Abdulmonaim Al</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Alzahrani</surname>
            <given-names>Wijdan Hassan</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
        <day>8</day>
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>4</volume>
      <issue>12</issue>
      <fpage>705</fpage>
      <lpage>712</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>This article is copyright of Popeye Publishing, 2009</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2009</copyright-year>
        <license license-type="open-access" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) Licence. You may share and adapt the material, but must give appropriate credit to the source, provide a link to the licence, and indicate if changes were made.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>Gingivitis, a reversible periodontal disease inflammation of the gingiva, is primarily caused by dental plaque and can progress to more severe periodontal diseases if left untreated. This review classifies gingivitis and identifies the most common causative organisms. Plaque-induced gingivitis is typically caused by bacterial biofilms containing species such as Streptococcus, Actinomyces, and gram-negative anaerobes like Porphyromonas gingivalis. Non-plaque-induced gingivitis can arise from genetic or developmental abnormalities, bacterial, viral, and fungal infections, Inflammatory or immune conditions, and reactive processes. Necrotizing periodontal diseases and specific bacterial infections, such as those caused by Treponema pallidum, and viral infections, including herpes simplex virus and human papillomavirus, play significant roles. Fungal infections like candidosis also contribute. Autoimmune disorders such as pemphigus vulgaris along with reactive processes like epulides, are notable non-plaque-induced gingivitis causes. Understanding these classifications and causative organisms is critical for developing effective preventive and therapeutic strategies.&#13;
</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>Gingivitis</kwd>
        <kwd> plaque</kwd>
        <kwd> bacteria</kwd>
        <kwd> infections</kwd>
        <kwd> autoimmune</kwd>
        <kwd> viral</kwd>
        <kwd> fungal</kwd>
        <kwd> prevention</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>