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<article xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="1.0" article-type="hematology" lang="en">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">JOHS</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Journ of Health Scien</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of HealthCare Sciences</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="pubmed">Journ of Health Scien</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">2231-2196</issn>
      <issn pub-type="opub">0975-5241</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Radiance Research Academy</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">326</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">http://dx.doi.org/10.52533/JOHS.2024.41205</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi-url"/>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Hematology</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Preventing and Managing Infections in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease&#13;
</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Merwass</surname>
            <given-names>Noor Adel</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Shaker</surname>
            <given-names>Sulafah Tariq</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Alsaeed</surname>
            <given-names>Nouf Ali</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Abdulwahed</surname>
            <given-names>Areej Abdullah</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Darwish</surname>
            <given-names>Muhannad Jasim</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Alyami</surname>
            <given-names>Ahlam Yahya</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Gazzaz</surname>
            <given-names>Anhar Khaled</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Alghamdi</surname>
            <given-names>Abdulmajeed Saeed</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
        <day>8</day>
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>4</volume>
      <issue>12</issue>
      <fpage>666</fpage>
      <lpage>673</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>This article is copyright of Popeye Publishing, 2009</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2009</copyright-year>
        <license license-type="open-access" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) Licence. You may share and adapt the material, but must give appropriate credit to the source, provide a link to the licence, and indicate if changes were made.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in red blood cell sickling and increased vulnerability to infections. Environmental factors like hypoxia, cold, and dehydration can trigger sickling episodes, exacerbating the condition. Infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in SCD patients, particularly in low-income regions with limited access to healthcare. Impaired splenic function and immune deficiencies increase the risk of bacterial infections such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and Salmonella. Preventive measures like vaccinations and antibiotic prophylaxis have reduced infection-related complications, particularly in high-income countries. Despite advances in SCD care, such as hydroxyurea use and early screening programs, infection remains a serious issue, especially in resource-poor settings. Proactive infection prevention, early diagnosis, and comprehensive management are crucial to improving the life expectancy and quality of life for SCD patients globally. Ongoing research is essential to further enhance infection prevention strategies for this vulnerable population.&#13;
</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>sickle cell disease</kwd>
        <kwd> infections</kwd>
        <kwd> sickling</kwd>
        <kwd> vaccinations</kwd>
        <kwd> antibiotic prophylaxis</kwd>
        <kwd> morbidity</kwd>
        <kwd> mortality</kwd>
        <kwd> prevention</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>