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<article xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="1.0" article-type="family-medicine" lang="en">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">JOHS</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Journ of Health Scien</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of HealthCare Sciences</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="pubmed">Journ of Health Scien</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">2231-2196</issn>
      <issn pub-type="opub">0975-5241</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Radiance Research Academy</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">295</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">http://dx.doi.org/10.52533/JOHS.2024.40911</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi-url"/>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Family Medicine</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Preventive Strategies and Screening Protocols for Early Detection of Breast Cancer&#13;
</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Balobaid</surname>
            <given-names>Asmahan Nasir</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Alali</surname>
            <given-names>Mohammed Abdulrahman</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Alkhaldi</surname>
            <given-names>Shahad Saad</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Albar</surname>
            <given-names>Amal Mohammad</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Albatti</surname>
            <given-names>Tasnim Ali</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Shaban</surname>
            <given-names>Ayat Essam</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
        <day>17</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>4</volume>
      <issue>9</issue>
      <fpage>422</fpage>
      <lpage>429</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>This article is copyright of Popeye Publishing, 2009</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2009</copyright-year>
        <license license-type="open-access" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) Licence. You may share and adapt the material, but must give appropriate credit to the source, provide a link to the licence, and indicate if changes were made.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>Breast cancer is a critical global health issue, with around 2.3 million new cases annually. Risk factors include genetic predispositions, hormonal influences, and lifestyle choices. Preventive measures have evolved, particularly for women with BRCA1/2 mutations, though their uptake varies. Recent guidelines aim to expand testing criteria, enabling earlier identification of high-risk individuals. While treatments have advanced, especially for early-stage cancers through multimodal approaches, metastatic breast cancer remains challenging to cure. The World Health Organization emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and screening, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where late-stage diagnoses are more common. Ongoing research focuses on preventive strategies such as diet, exercise, and chemoprevention. Innovative diagnostic tools and targeted therapies, including nanoparticle-based methods, show promise for earlier detection and personalized treatment. Enhancing both preventive measures and management strategies is crucial for improving outcomes and reducing the global burden of breast cancer. Addressing these factors comprehensively is essential for effective breast cancer control worldwide.&#13;
</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>breast cancer</kwd>
        <kwd> risk factors</kwd>
        <kwd> preventive measures</kwd>
        <kwd> screening</kwd>
        <kwd> early diagnosis</kwd>
        <kwd> metastatic cancer</kwd>
        <kwd> diagnostic tools</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>