<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.2d1 20170631//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="1.0" article-type="pediatrics" lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">JOHS</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Journ of Health Scien</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Journal of HealthCare Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="pubmed">Journ of Health Scien</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">2231-2196</issn>
<issn pub-type="opub">0975-5241</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Radiance Research Academy</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">29</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">http://dx.doi.org/10.52533/JOHS.2021.1601</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi-url"/>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Pediatrics</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>Epidemiology and Clinical Phenotypes and Presentations of Neonatal Diabetes
</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Babonji</surname>
<given-names>Mohammed</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Kalantan</surname>
<given-names>Khawla</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alenezi</surname>
<given-names>Fadih</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alruwaili</surname>
<given-names>Reham</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Bantan</surname>
<given-names>Elham</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Saleh</surname>
<given-names>Rasha Al</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Abdulrahim</surname>
<given-names>Noor</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Abuyabis</surname>
<given-names>Reema</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alsarefi</surname>
<given-names>Zahraa</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Aljubairah</surname>
<given-names>Waad</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alamri</surname>
<given-names>Zohor</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alzamzami</surname>
<given-names>Abdulghani</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alsamadani</surname>
<given-names>Raed</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<day>30</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>-0001</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>1</volume>
<issue>6</issue>
<fpage>133</fpage>
<lpage>139</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>This article is copyright of Popeye Publishing, 2009</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2009</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
<license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) Licence. You may share and adapt the material, but must give appropriate credit to the source, provide a link to the licence, and indicate if changes were made.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract>
<p>Neonatal diabetes mellitus is a rare condition that develops within the first months of life, usually as a result of a genetic abnormality. The condition has been defined as the presence of a severe form of hyperglycemia that requires adequate management and usually affected neonates and young infants. The disease has also been divided into two or three categories, upon which the clinical presentations of the affected patients usually depend. In the present study, we have reviewed the current literature to discuss the epidemiology, clinical phenotypes and presentations of patients suffering from neonatal diabetes. The condition is a rare one and some of the proposed etiologies may include a stress-related increase in the levels of counter-regulatory hormones, sepsis, and the increased or improper parenteral administration of __ampersandsignbeta;-adrenergic agents, steroids, or glucose. Three main categories have been identified for neonatal diabetes, including transient, permanent, and syndromic diabetes, which vary based on the underlying genetic mutations. Various developmental and neurological disorders have been linked with the disease. Therefore, planning adequate interventions as early as possible is critical to enhancing the outcomes as some affected children are prone to depend on insulin therapy throughout their entire life.
</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>neonatal diabetes</kwd>
<kwd> diabetes mellitus</kwd>
<kwd> epidemiology</kwd>
<kwd> clinical presentation</kwd>
<kwd> genetics</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</article>