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<article xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="1.0" article-type="allergy-and-immunology" lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">JOHS</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Journ of Health Scien</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Journal of HealthCare Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="pubmed">Journ of Health Scien</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">2231-2196</issn>
<issn pub-type="opub">0975-5241</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Radiance Research Academy</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">277</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">http://dx.doi.org/10.52533/JOHS.2024.40703</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi-url"/>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Allergy and Immunology</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>Incident and Risk of Pulmonary Embolism in Hospitalized Patients with Autoimmune Disorders
</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Aljunaid</surname>
<given-names>Sara Mahmood</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<day>29</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>4</volume>
<issue>7</issue>
<fpage>242</fpage>
<lpage>249</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>This article is copyright of Popeye Publishing, 2009</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2009</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
<license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) Licence. You may share and adapt the material, but must give appropriate credit to the source, provide a link to the licence, and indicate if changes were made.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract>
<p>Hospitalized patients with autoimmune disorders are at significantly heightened risk for pulmonary embolism due to a combination of chronic inflammation, immobility, and the effects of medications used to manage their conditions. Autoimmune conditions like systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and multiple sclerosis predispose individuals to thromboembolic events through mechanisms such as endothelial dysfunction, hypercoagulability, and reduced mobility. Diagnosis presents challenges due to overlapping symptoms with underlying autoimmune diseases, necessitating comprehensive clinical assessments and the use of diagnostic tools like D-dimer testing and computed tomography pulmonary angiography for accurate detection. Proactive management strategies include anticoagulation therapy, mechanical prophylaxis, and promoting mobility to effectively mitigate pulmonary embolism risk. Multidisciplinary care involving rheumatologists, hematologists, and pulmonologists is crucial for personalized treatment approaches and ongoing research to enhance the understanding and management of pulmonary embolism in hospitalized patients with autoimmune disorders. This review explores the incidence, underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, and optimal management strategies for pulmonary embolism in this vulnerable population.
</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>Autoimmune disorders</kwd>
<kwd> pulmonary embolism</kwd>
<kwd> thromboembolism</kwd>
<kwd> risk assessment</kwd>
<kwd> management strategies</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</article>