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<article xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="1.0" article-type="dentistry" lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">JOHS</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Journ of Health Scien</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Journal of HealthCare Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="pubmed">Journ of Health Scien</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">2231-2196</issn>
<issn pub-type="opub">0975-5241</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Radiance Research Academy</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">176</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">http://dx.doi.org/10.52533/JOHS.2023.30706</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi-url"/>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Dentistry</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>The Longevity and Clinical Performance of Direct and Indirect Restorations, Including Amalgam, Composite, Ceramic, and Metal Restorations
</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Assiri</surname>
<given-names>Abdulmajeed</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Aloriny</surname>
<given-names>Tawfeeg</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alshahrani</surname>
<given-names>Aidel</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Bakhsh</surname>
<given-names>Nadia</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Faraj</surname>
<given-names>Mayyada</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Ismail</surname>
<given-names>Heba</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Abomelha</surname>
<given-names>Sarah</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alshehri</surname>
<given-names>Nawaf</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alharthi</surname>
<given-names>Hanan</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alraddadi</surname>
<given-names>Ahmed</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alqarni</surname>
<given-names>Sarah</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<day>20</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>3</volume>
<issue>7</issue>
<fpage>229</fpage>
<lpage>234</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>This article is copyright of Popeye Publishing, 2009</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2009</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
<license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) Licence. You may share and adapt the material, but must give appropriate credit to the source, provide a link to the licence, and indicate if changes were made.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract>
<p>The longevity of dental restorations depends on patient-related, dentist-related, and material-related factors. Patient-related factors include restoration size, chewing habits, oral hygiene, and systemic conditions. Strength, wear resistance, water tolerance, dimensional stability, and colour stability are all material-related variables. When deciding on a course of treatment, dentists must take these things into account. Since the 19th century, dental amalgam, which is composed of mercury, silver, tin, copper, and other metals, has been used effectively. Although it has limits in terms of tooth colour matching, it is appropriate for Class I and II restorations. Amalgam offers good load-bearing qualities, wear resistance, and tolerance for various clinical conditions. Safety concerns include the release of mercury vapor and the possibility of localized allergic reactions. Resin-based composites are esthetic and safe materials used for anterior and small to moderate-sized posterior fillings. Postoperative tooth sensitivity and shrinkage-related issues can occur, but improvements have minimized these problems. Adequate field control is essential for successful placement. Indirect restorative materials include all-ceramic and base metal casting alloys. All-ceramic restorations provide excellent aesthetics, high strength, and biocompatibility. However, they rely on resin-based cements and adhesives for retention, and allergies can occur. Base metal alloys offer an economical alternative and are effective for crown-and-bridge restorations. The choice of restorative materials depends on various factors, and dentists must consider the specific needs of each patient to achieve successful outcomes.
</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>longevity</kwd>
<kwd> dental amalgam</kwd>
<kwd> resin-based composites</kwd>
<kwd> safety concerns and indirect restorative materials</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</article>