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<article xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="1.0" article-type="orthopaedics" lang="en">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">JOHS</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Journ of Health Scien</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of HealthCare Sciences</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="pubmed">Journ of Health Scien</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">2231-2196</issn>
      <issn pub-type="opub">0975-5241</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Radiance Research Academy</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">16</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">http://dx.doi.org/10.52533/JOHS.2021.1104</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi-url"/>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Orthopaedics</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Management of Mangled Extremities: Upper vs Lower Limb Differences&#13;
</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Asif</surname>
            <given-names>Syed</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Thaiban</surname>
            <given-names>Mohammed Al</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Alghamdi</surname>
            <given-names>Abdulrahman</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Alqahtani</surname>
            <given-names>Mazen</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Suliman</surname>
            <given-names>Ali Al</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Alanazi</surname>
            <given-names>Wael</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Alharthi</surname>
            <given-names>Yousef</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Almatrafi</surname>
            <given-names>Salah</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Alshammari</surname>
            <given-names>Sultan</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Alghamdi</surname>
            <given-names>Fares</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Alsharyah</surname>
            <given-names>Salem</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
        <day>30</day>
        <month>11</month>
        <year>-0001</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>1</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>26</fpage>
      <lpage>34</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>This article is copyright of Popeye Publishing, 2009</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2009</copyright-year>
        <license license-type="open-access" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) Licence. You may share and adapt the material, but must give appropriate credit to the source, provide a link to the licence, and indicate if changes were made.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>A mangled extremity usually refers to the development of a severe injury to the affected extremity that usually involves the soft tissue, skin, bones, and muscles. As most mangled injuries usually result from severe trauma, they can be associated with life-threatening complications if they are not adequately treated, requiring the integration of clinical decisions that can be lifesaving and may require amputation of the injured limb. In the present literature review, we aim to discuss management approaches to mangled extremities, in addition to the differences between the management of upper and lower limbs. The main steps for managing mangled extremities encompass damage control and fracture management by skeletal stabilization, debridement, and fracture fixation followed by revascularization and fasciotomy of extremity, in addition to nerve repair and debridement of soft tissues. It is important to care for any potential complications as infections may worsen the prognosis of the case. Bone shortening and critical time for reperfusion are two important factors that surgeons should consider when considering upper versus lower mangled extremities.&#13;
</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>orthaopedics</kwd>
        <kwd> mangled</kwd>
        <kwd> extremity</kwd>
        <kwd> management</kwd>
        <kwd> lower limb</kwd>
        <kwd> upper limb</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>